C. M. Aelion and U. Warttinger, Low sulfide concentrations affect nitrate transformations in freshwater and saline coastal retention pond sediments, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.41, issue.4, pp.735-741, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.01.015

B. Aminzadeh, A. Torabian, A. A. Azimi, N. Bidhendi, G. R. Mehrdadi et al., Salt 746 inhibition effects on simultaneous heterotrophic, p.747, 2010.

S. Aslan, Combined removal of pesticides and nitrates in drinking waters using biodenitrification and sand filter system, Process Biochemistry, vol.40, issue.1, pp.417-424, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.01.030

P. L. Bishop and T. Yu, A microelectrode study of redox potential change in biofilms, Water Science and Technology, vol.39, issue.7, p.25, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00166-3

T. P. Clément, B. M. Peyton, R. S. Skeen, D. A. Jennings, and J. N. Petersen, Microbial growth and transport in porous media under denitrification conditions: experiments and simulations, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, vol.24, issue.3-4, pp.269-285, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-7722(96)00014-9

R. Cord-ruwisch, H. Seitz, and R. Conrad, The capacity of hydrogenotrophic anaerobic bacteria to compete for traces of hydrogen depends on the redox potential of the terminal electron acceptor, Archives of Microbiology, vol.2, issue.4, pp.350-357, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00411655

G. P. Curtis, Comparison of approaches for simulating reactive solute transport involving organic degradation reactions by multiple terminal electron acceptors, Computers & Geosciences, vol.29, issue.3, pp.319-329, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00008-6

M. F. Dahab, Treatment Alternatives for Nitrate Contaminated Groundwater Supplies, Journal of Environmental Systems, vol.117, issue.8, p.766, 1987.
DOI : 10.2190/H1YG-G6F3-892M-9N2P

K. Decker, K. Jungermann, and R. K. Thauer, Energy production in anerobic organism, p.768, 1970.

J. F. Devlin, R. Eedy, and B. J. Butler, The effects of electron donor and granular iron on 770 nitrate transformation rates in sediments from a municipal water supply aquifer, J, p.771, 2000.

Y. Dommergues and F. Mangenot, Ecologie microbienne du sol, pp.783-773, 1970.

J. H. Duff and F. J. Triska, Denitrif??cations in Sediments from the Hyporheic Zone Adjacent to a Small Forested Stream, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.47, issue.6, pp.1140-1147, 1990.
DOI : 10.1139/f90-133

D. E. Fennell and J. M. Gossett, Modeling the Production of and Competition for Hydrogen in a Dechlorinating Culture, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.32, issue.16, pp.2450-2460, 1998.
DOI : 10.1021/es980136l

E. Giraldo-gomez, S. Goodwin, and M. Switzenbaum, Influence of mass transfer limitations on determination of the half saturation constant for hydrogen uptake in a mixed-culture CH4-producing enrichment, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.48, issue.7, pp.768-769, 1992.
DOI : 10.1002/bit.260400704

H. O. Halvorson and . N. Ziegler, Applications of statistics to problems in bacteriology. I. 789 A means of determining bacterial population by the dilution method, J. Bacteriol, vol.25, pp.790-101, 1933.

J. J. Her and J. S. Huang, Influences of carbon source and C/N ratio on nitrate/nitrite denitrification and carbon breakthrough, Bioresource Technology, vol.54, issue.1, pp.45-51, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0960-8524(95)00113-1

C. Y. Hoh and R. Cord-ruwisch, A practical kinetic model that considers end product 794 inhibition in anaerobic digestion processes by including the equilibrium constant, p.795, 1996.

K. S. Hunter, Y. Wang, and P. Van-cappellen, Kinetic modeling of microbially-driven 797, 1998.

P. Long, E. Roden, A. D. Peacock, and B. Baldwin, A thermodynamically-based 801 model for predicting microbial growth and community composition coupled to system 802 geochemistry: Application to uranium bioreduction, J. Cont. Hydrol, vol.112, pp.1-14, 2010.

Q. Jin and C. M. Bethke, Kinetics of Electron Transfer through the Respiratory Chain, Biophysical Journal, vol.83, issue.4, p.804, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3495(02)73945-3

Q. Jin and C. M. Bethke, A New Rate Law Describing Microbial Respiration, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.69, issue.4, p.806, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.69.4.2340-2348.2003

Q. Jin and C. M. Bethke, Predicting the rate of microbial respiration in geochemical environments, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.69, issue.5, pp.1133-1143, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.010

Q. Jin and C. M. Bethke, The thermodynamics and kinetics of microbial metabolism, American Journal of Science, vol.307, issue.4, p.810, 2007.
DOI : 10.2475/04.2007.01

J. B. Jones, S. G. Fishe, and N. B. Grimm, Nitrification in the Hyporheic Zone of a Desert Stream Ecosystem, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.14, issue.2, pp.249-258, 1995.
DOI : 10.2307/1467777

E. H. Keating and J. M. Bahr, Reactive transport modeling of redox geochemistry, p.814, 1998.

B. H. Kelso, R. V. Smith, and R. J. Laughlin, Effects of carbon substrates on nitrite, p.27, 1999.

N. J. Knab, A. W. Dale, K. Lettmann, H. Fossing, and B. B. Jørgensen, Thermodynamic 821 and kinetic control on anaerobic oxidation of methane in marine sediments, p.822, 2008.

A. Koenig and L. H. Liu, Kinetic model of autotrophic denitrification in sulphur packed-bed reactors, Water Research, vol.35, issue.8, pp.1969-1978, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00483-8

R. D. Lindberg and M. D. Runnels, Ground Water Redox Reactions: An Analysis of Equilibrium State Applied to Eh Measurements and Geochemical Modeling, Science, vol.225, issue.4665, pp.225-925, 1984.
DOI : 10.1126/science.225.4665.925

A. C. Lasaga, Chemical kinetics of water-rock interactions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.89, issue.B6, pp.4009-830, 1984.
DOI : 10.1029/JB089iB06p04009

D. R. Lovley, Minimum threshold for hydrogen metabolism in methanogenic bacteria, p.832, 1985.

D. R. Lovley and F. H. Chapelle, Deep subsurface microbial processes, Reviews of Geophysics, vol.216, issue.16, pp.365-381, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/95RG01305

J. E. Mccallum, M. C. Ryan, B. Mayer, and S. J. Rodvang, Mixing-induced groundwater 836 denitrification beneath a manured field in southern Alberta, Canada. Appl. Geochem, vol.837, issue.8, pp.23-2146, 2008.

M. T. Madigan, J. M. Martinko, and J. Parker, Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 9 th 839 edition, p.840, 2000.

E. A. Marchand and J. Silverstein, Influence of Heterotrophic Microbial Growth on Biological Oxidation of Pyrite, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.36, issue.24, pp.5483-5490, 2002.
DOI : 10.1021/es0255251

V. Mat?j?, S. ?i?inská, J. Krej?í, and T. Janoch, Biological water denitrification???A review, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, vol.14, issue.3, pp.170-183, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0141-0229(92)90062-S

G. Michard, Chimie des eaux naturelles, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/bf00206820

P. Mitchell, Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a, p.28, 1961.

D. R. Noguera, G. A. Brusseau, B. E. Rittmann, and D. A. Stahl, A unified model describing the role of hydrogen in the growth ofDesulfovibrio vulgaris under different environmental conditions, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.28, issue.6, pp.732-746, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19980920)59:6<732::AID-BIT10>3.0.CO;2-7

J. E. Odencrantz, W. Bae, A. J. Valocchi, and B. E. Rittmann, Stimulation of biologically 858 active zones (BAZ's) in porous media by electron-acceptor injection, J. Cont. Hydrol, vol.859, issue.6, pp.37-52, 1990.

S. E. Oh, M. S. Bum, Y. B. Yoo, A. Zubair, and I. S. Kim, Nitrate removal by simultaneous 861 sulfur utilizing autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification under different organics 862 and alkalinity conditions: batch experiments, Wat. Sci. Technol, vol.47, issue.1, pp.237-244, 2002.

J. L. Palandri and Y. K. Kharaka, A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral 864, 2004.

J. Y. Park and Y. J. Yoo, Biological nitrate removal in industrial wastewater treatment: which electron donor we can choose, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.61, issue.4, pp.415-429, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00253-008-1799-1

D. L. Parkhurst and C. A. Appelo, User's guide to PHREEQC (version 2): A computer 869 program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse 870 geochemical calculations, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations, vol.871, issue.312, 1999.

H. Pauwels, W. Kloppmann, J. Foucher, A. Martelat, and V. Fritsche, Field tracer test for denitrification in a pyrite-bearing schist aquifer, Applied Geochemistry, vol.13, issue.6, pp.767-778, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0883-2927(98)00003-1

H. Pauwels, P. Lachassagne, P. Bordenave, J. Foucher, and A. Martelat, Temporal 875 variability of nitrate concentration in a schist aquifer and transfer to surface waters, 2001.

H. Pauwels and H. Talbo, Nitrate concentration in wetlands: assessing the contribution of deeper groundwater from anions, Water Research, vol.38, issue.4, pp.1019-1025
DOI : 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.004

H. Pauwels, V. Ayraud, L. Aquilina, and J. Molénat, The fate of nitrogen and sulfur in hard-rock aquifers as shown by sulfate-isotope tracing, Applied Geochemistry, vol.25, issue.1, pp.105-881, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.11.001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00559187

B. M. Peyton, M. R. Mormile, and J. N. Petersen, Nitrate reduction with Halomonas, p.29, 2001.

D. Postma, C. Boesen, H. Kristiansen, and F. Larsen, Nitrate reduction in an unconfined 889 sandy aquifer: water chemistry, reduction processes and geochemical modeling, p.890, 1991.

B. E. Rittmann and P. L. Mccarty, Environmental Biotechnology: Principles and 892, 2001.

M. O. Rivett, S. R. Buss, P. Morgan, J. W. Smith, and C. D. Bemment, Nitrate 894 attenuation in groundwater: A review of biogeochemical controlling processes, p.895, 2008.

L. Ruiz, S. Abiven, P. Durand, C. Martin, F. Vertes et al., Effect on nitrate concentration in stream water of agricultural practices in small catchments in Brittany: II. Temporal variations and mixing processes, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, vol.6, issue.3, pp.507-513, 2002.
DOI : 10.5194/hess-6-507-2002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330840

L. Schipper, V. Vukovic, and M. , Nitrate Removal from Groundwater using a 900, 1998.

J. T. Scott, M. J. Mccarthy, W. S. Gardner, and R. D. Doyle, Denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, and nitrogen fixation along a nitrate concentration gradient in a created freshwater wetland, Biogeochemistry, vol.34, issue.1, pp.99-111, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s10533-007-9171-6

W. Stumm, Chimie des milieux aquatiques; chimie des eaux naturelles et des 912 interfaces dans l'environnement, 2000.

R. C. Starr and R. W. Gillham, Denitrification and Organic Carbon Availability in Two Aquifers, Ground Water, vol.45, issue.3, p.30, 1993.
DOI : 10.1021/es00172a014

P. Tavares, A. S. Pereira, J. J. Moura, and I. Moura, Metalloenzymes of the denitrification pathway, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, vol.100, issue.12, pp.2087-2100, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.09.003

Y. P. Tsai and W. M. Wu, Estimating Biomass of Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Bacteria by our Batch Tests, Environmental Technology, vol.26, issue.6, pp.601-614, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/09593330.2001.9619500

C. G. Van-beer, Redox processes active in denitrification Chapter 12 in: Redox: 935 fundamentals, processes and applications, 2000.

I. York, 110 Figures, 21 Tables, p.937

K. A. Weber, F. W. Picardal, and E. E. Roden, Microbially Catalyzed Nitrate-Dependent Oxidation of Biogenic Solid-Phase Fe(II) Compounds, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.35, issue.8, pp.1644-942, 2001.
DOI : 10.1021/es0016598

P. A. Wilderer, W. L. Jones, and U. Dau, Competition in denitrification systems affecting reduction rate and accumulation of nitrite, Water Research, vol.21, issue.2, pp.239-245, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0043-1354(87)90056-X

D. White, The physiology and biochemistry of prokaryotes, p.946, 1995.

S. L. Whitmire and S. K. Hamilton, Rapid Removal of Nitrate and Sulfate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments, Journal of Environment Quality, vol.34, issue.6, pp.2062-2071, 2005.
DOI : 10.2134/jeq2004.0483

T. Yu and P. L. Bishop, Stratification of microbial metabolic processes and redox potential 950 change in an aerobic biofilm studied using microelectrodes, Water Sci. Technol, 1998.